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facing and trailing
Facing and trailing are terms used to describe railway turnouts (or 'points' in the UK) in respect to whether they are divergent or convergent. When a train traverses a turnout in a facing direction, it may diverge onto either of the two routes. When travelled in a trailing direction, the two routes converge onto each other.
== History ==
In the early history of railways in Britain, when signalling and interlockings were primitive, and staff were inexperienced, facing turnouts were a hazard, because they could switch a train travelling at high speed into a slow speed divergence or dead end. Facing turnouts were therefore banned, except when absolutely necessary. Facing turnouts cannot be avoided on single lines and their crossing loops.
With the widespread availability of electrically interlocked signalling in modern times, the rule against facing turnouts has been relaxed.
抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』
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